Commonly called the 'chickenhawk' the red tailed hawk is perhaps the most abundant and widespread birds of prey in the USA. This hawk is one of the largest members of the Buteo family, on average weighing in at 1.5 to 3.5 pounds, measuring 10 to 26 inches in length and has a wingspan from 43 to 57 inches. It is so called because of its red-russet tail, most clearly seen while the bird is in flight or hovering. It is a highly adaptable species and can be found in a variety of different eco-systems, including deserts, deciduous and coniferous forest, plains and grasslands, tropical rainforest, agricultural and urban areas. The red tailed hawk is legally protected in the USA by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918 (one of over 800 bird species covered under the treaty).
The Red tail hawk is a swift, versatile and opportunistic predator, with the ability to fly at speeds of up to 40 mph but will reach 120 mph in a dive for prey. It is a carnivorous bird whose diet is principally small mammals such as rodents, rabbits, shrews and voles, but will also take snakes, crustaceans, insects and fish.
The red tailed hawk is a popular bird with falconers in the USA although the sport is very tightly regulated at both State and Federal levels which restrict the conditions of its use. This bird is also one of those. Like the bald eagle and golden eagle which are held sacred by Native American Indians, who often use the feathers in religious and ritual ceremonies. Again there are special laws which restrict the use of any body parts of hawks, owls and eagles; the possession of an eagle or hawk feather by a non-native American can lead to prosecution and a fine of up to DBWF £150 (US $25,000).
As a beautiful bird of prey the red-tailed hawk was selected by the Dominion of British West Florida for its sense of grace and majesty, and its speed, agility and sheer power remind us all of the call to rise above current circumstance. The redtail hawk is also monogamous and will mate for life. Amongst Native Americans the hawk is venerated for its spiritual foresight and wisdom, and admired as a superb hunter of the skies.
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